Method for use in the manufacture of shoes



Jan. 27, 1931. E. E. WINKLEY 1,790,191

M ETHOD FOR USE IN TEE MANUFACTURE OF SHOES Filed Jan. 18, 1926 sSheets-Sheet 1 Will/722"! Jan. 27, 1931. E. E.:WINKLEY I ,191

dmmon FOR usn IN THE rumumcwuns OF s-aoss Filed Jan. 18,-1926 aShoots-Sheet a" /NVENTUR- Jan. 27, I931. E. E WINKLEY 1,790,191

METHOD FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHbES Fileql Jan. 18, 1926 3Sheets-Sheet 5 Fig.1];

Patented Jan. 27, 1931 p ERASTUS n. WINK-Lair, or LYNN,massaonnsn'r'rsnssieuon TO UNITED silos MA;

crimes: CORPORATION, JERSEY or ra rnnsonr. "NEW JERSEY, A oonrorta'rionjon NEW METHOD Eon sn IN THE amendme ts sHoEs 'A ucatioa'mea' Januar is,1926. (Serial m. 32,029;

. This invention relates to methods of ma-nufacturing shoesand is hereinset forth1by way of exemphfication merely in its :appli cation toshoesin which the upper and outsole are attached. together bythrough-andthrough stitching, 1t bemg understood that in many ofitsaspects it is applicable to themanufacture of shoes of othertypes. 7

In the manufacture of fine shoes for women a neat and trim appearance ofthe shankporion is highly desirable, and, contributing to this, athin'edge shank and a close shank are important. That is, the sole mustbe thin atthe edge of the shank portion toform a thin edge. shank andthe margin of the sole must lie close to the upper to form acloselshank; 7

The operation of shaping the shank ii the transverse curvature ispronounced, as .it is in most womens shoes, is not readily carried outby means of a;level1ng roll such as is commonly used in soleleveling'machines because the leveling roll is apt to strikethe side ofthe last before it can actto bend the margin of thesole sufficiently tobring it close,

to the upper, as required for forming a" close shank. By the use of ashank beating machine aiter the leveling, better results may be secured,but this is extremely laborious for the operator.

is applied simultaneously to the shank and forepart of ashoe bottom,requires a very expensive equipment of iron lasts and corresponding solemolds which, in order to secure good results, must be very carefullymade and theuse of which, if uniformpressure is to be obtained, requiresexact similarity in the bottoms of diiierent shoes. I

Objects of thisinvention are to provide for obtaining readily andatsmall expense the bottom shaping eliects referred to. In one aspecttheiuvention consists in performing the sole-leveling operation in twoseparate steps or stages, in one oi? which one section On the otherhand, the. use of direct pressure leveling, by which pressure 7 band,which band is caused to 'travel longi .tudlnallyof theshoe,-to and frofrom the f Hurray Si-Teras; Efaf QFF toe end to the ball'line, thussubjecting'the entire torepart'progressively to leveling pres sure.Then, as another step, poweriul tor-me ing pressure may be applied" toall parts of the entire shank portion of the sole simulta- V neonsly,which pressure is preferably concen-- trated especially upon the marginsoftlie shank portion of the sole. In-ordereffectively upper at thoseportions which are adjacent to the ball line, the pressure upon theshank maybe eiiectedin an upward and forward directi'on'with respecttothe shoe. 1 In the treatment of thejforepart, which-is readilyeffected, for example, bygmea'ns' of a roll, there maybe adisplacementof the material of the sole toward the bally-hence theformation of a/moire .orless" wel -.defined ridge at the. ball where therelativetraverse of the roll and the forepart ends. In order ball line.Thus, the. pressureapplied at different parts ad acent to'the ballline-will be to force the margins ofthe sole against-then uniform andthere will be no danger of the roll going beyond the ball line at anypoint.

The pressure applied to the shank portion may be allowed to overlap theball line and the pressure member maybe so formed either todeiine andaccentuate the ball line, as is sometimes required, or to obliterat'ethe line of demarcation between the shank and the ball and efi'ectivelysmooth" down 'th ridge of materialpiled up acent tothe ball [A line bythe action-of the roll.

in the treatment (if-shoes in wljiich the surface upon which the outsoleis :laid is more or less irregular and 'uneven' -as it;

cxample,-in mostshoes which'are stitched through and through, itisdesirable that the band of pressure applied to the forcpart be broadlengthwise'of the shoe, so that'it will J not follow the smallirregularities which may occur in the shoe bottom but w ll act as theband progresses lengthwise of the shoe to impart thereto an even andregular surface.

This result is obtained, as herein disclosed,

- the shoe.

by employing a roll of relatively, lar e diameter so that thearea ofcontact of the roll with the shoe bottom is in'the form of a broad bandas distinguished from a rela tively narrow band produced by a small rollSuch as required whe'n the action 'of tlie roll .is applied to the shankas well as the torepart. A further distinct advantage attendant upon theuse of a large rollis that the relative movements between the rollanfdthe shoe do not need to be. so carefully adjusted to avoid theaction of the roll extending beyond the ball line or to prevent the roll'it'roin' dropping oil the shoe at the toe or damaging the toe entL ofthe sole in passing on or off project somewhat beyond the general levelof the shoe bottom. The broad band of pres-. sure produced by the largeroll is particularly effective in dealing with this condition, sincetend beyond the ball line part it is wide enough to extendoversubstantially the whole of thebunched portion and to span the cavityusually found at the rear of the bunch.

-Inanother aspect the invention consists in applying to one end of theforepart pressure treatments which are-not appliedto the remainder ofthe forepart. j For example, the pressure maybe made totra-vel back and't'oi th'repeatedly at one end of the forepart alternately with themovements which carry theband the entire length ot'rthe forepa-rt. Asherein illustrated, thez-roll bywhich the band of pressure is applied iscaused, by lflti tive movement of theroll and the shoe, to progresslengthwise ofthe shoe and to traverse the length of the torepart fromtoo to ball line twice in each direction in each leveling operation andto progress from one end of the torepart part way toward the other endand back a plurality of times, for example, so many times in additionthat oiieend portion oi the torepai't' is traversed eight times andtheother-end port-ion four times. This additional repeated action of thepressure band may, as illustrated, be confined to the ball portion ofthe shoe. pensates for the smaller pressure per unit of area which isapplied by the roll near the ball 7 There is also usually under the .toeportion of. thessole bunched material formed bygathering the upper inlasting which, even after it has been reduced by. trimming and poundingoperations, is apt to In this case it conimovements to and fro over theball line, serves to produce a well rounded the forepart and the shank.

juncture between As contributing to the production o't thin edge andclose edge shanks the invention further comprises a method consistingin,

ski ving the margin of the outsole, on theside next to the upper, fromthe outer edge to a line beyond the line where the sole is to bestitched to the shoe, then laying the sole and stitching it to the shoeby a line of throughand-through stitches located outside of the inneredge otthe skived port-ion so that the tightening of the stitches willtend to draw r the margin of the sole toward the upper.

In another aspect the invent-ion consists in applying to the j shankportion continuous pressure during the treatment ofthe forepart' oniy'by'theprogi'essive pressure band as described. This pressure uponjtheshank, even if relatively light, tends materially toshape the shank13011-1011 of the shoe and, ii not in itself sutiicienttor the-shankshaping opera tion, tends toenhance the-e'ft'ectot' the more powerful.pressure later applied to complete th'eshank shaping operation. Asillustrated,

a pad'or saddle extending from the ball line to the breast line isarranged to be applied to the'shoe' while it is being treated by thelevel-- ing' roll. This saddle, being held by manually applied springpressure against the shank portion of the sole, serves to. press themargins ot'the sole down against the upper;

tohold the shoe in placeon the jack duringthe operation of leveling-thet'orepart; to pre- 1 vent displacement of the sole; and may, by thecontour and pressure of its forward end,-

tend to emphasize the ballline when such an etl'ect is'desire'd;lVlieinla ter, powerful pressure is applied to the shank portioiizthedesire'd'etl'ec't is secured more'quicklythan is the case when the useof preliminary pressure on the shank during the leveling of the forepartis omitted."

The operation of shaping the shank portion only of the sole to therequired transverse curvature to' produce a close shank has beendescribed performed subsequent to the operation ofleveling theiorepa-rt. It is to be understood, however, as within the invention toperform these operations or steps in either order. I

"In still another a spect,"as' applied to the manufacture of some stylesof shoes, the invention consists in maintaining the fore part ofthe solein a straight condition either transversely or longitudinally, or both.while the sole is being laid and also while the shank portion of thesoleis being given the necessary transverse curvature to bring its margininto close relation to theupper. This result insole laying is obtainedby pressure applied perpendicularly to straight lines extending acrossthe forepart, 'for example, as

illustrated, by pi'ovidiiig aflat, rigid plate last removed fromthe shoeand the shoe presented to a sole-sewingmachine, which preferably will bea lockstitch machineof the type disclosed, for example,in United StatesLetters Patent No. 1,482,619, granted February 5, 1924, on applicationofJamesH; Reed, a rranged to sew through and through the in sole, upperand outsole, as indicatedin Fig. 4,.

in which 60 is the horn, 62 the needle, and'fi l a guide which runsalong the base of'the channel flap. i i line may lie at c c l Fig.2) alittle outside of the inner edge of the; shanlnreducing bevel a-b, andhence the thread tension as. the

stitches are drawn tight will-tend to bend the margin of theoutsoletoward the upper and willassist in securing and maintaining a close andthin edge shank; The outsole having .thus been firmly secured to theupper and insole, the channel will be cemented and the channel flapl'ald as usual. v a 3 The shoe is now ready to receive treatment bywhich the final shape is given to the shank and forepart ofthe shoebottom.

One step in .this'operation is represented in Figs. 6, 7 and 8 where theforepart of the soleis subjected to leveling pressure by the use of aroll 66 the actionof which is confined to the forepart of the sole andis progressive toand fro lengthwise ofwthe shoe. As illustrated in Fig.6, a Goodyear automatic leveling machine organized sub stantially asdisclosed in Letters Patentof the; United States No.;l,667,761, grantedMay l, 1928, onan application filed by my self and H. A. Davenport, maybe utilized in carryingout themethod described. To this end themovementslof the jack about its pivot-68 are restricted-so that relativemovement between theshoe andthe roll 66 carried by a yoke 67 isconfinedxto'the forepart of the sole.

In order, that the band pi'essureap. .plied by the roll to .the.forepart may be wide lengthwise of the shoe, a rollof large diameter isemployed, for example, a roll having a cliametergreaterL than the lengthof'the. foi-epart. In the example illustrated, the r oll isapproximately eight inches in diameter; that is, thediameter-of the rollapproximates the length of shoe bottoms of the smaller sizes. Oneadvantage of the use of such a roll consists in' avoiding too ISO abrupta levelingdaction at the end of the sole such as 'nnght bend the soleunrluly, and another advantage is that the roll may be brought close tothe ball line withoutdanger of its going too far and dropping into theshank.

pressure by the. large rollin a broad band- Furthermore, the applicationof serves to reduce more effectively the bunch "of upper materialbeneath the sole which may occur at the toe end of the shoe. Also, theroll, because of its diameter, is unable to followany of the; minorirregularities of The shank portion ofthe sewing the shoe bottom overwhich the outsole is placed. For example, there is frequently acavityatthe rear of the bunch of material atthetoe. i 2A large roll, however,with its 1 broad band of pressure, bridges this and other irregularitiesof; the shoe bottom and impartsthe desired evenness to the forepartofthe outsole. V i

' The rol'l66 is mounted for limited axial movement on a shaft 68 in. acarriagef69 which has rolls 7O engaging suitable guide-j .w ays formedin the arms of the yoke 67.

The carriage is arranged for adjustment in the yokeso that the:axisofthe leveling roll may be arranged to extend in a directionparallel to the ball. line, this adjust ment being maintained by means.at '72 for clamping the carriageto the yoke. The roll 66, when out ofcontact with the shoe, is 7 maintained by a spring 71 toward that endofthe shaft 68 from which it tends to move,

because of its inclination, whenbrought contact with the shoe; i

It is sometimes desirableto emphasize the ball line of the shoe toproduce .atdesired' style effect. The roll, in "its repeatedoperationsjlengthwise of; the'shoe, stopping at the ball line, tends togive prominence to the ball line or line of transition, between .theforepart and shank. In case such promi-' e5 'nence of the ball line isnot desired the operation ofthe rollmay be made to extend a littlebeyond the ball line to eliminate any .line of demarcation.betweeiitthefor'epart and the shank.

band to and fro lengthwise of the shoe is indicated in Fig. 8 by a line73, the pressure band being the area to which pressure s appliedth'e'roll 66. In explaining these movements'it will be convenient torefer to the roll as moving lengthwise of the shoe,

though it is to be understood that'in the machine as organized the shoemoves relatively to the roll. The line 7 3 represents the number andextent of movements ofthe-roll path where the greatest pressure isapplied by the roll when' a small amount of" tipping movment is impartedtoit. The lateral separation of the lines is determined by the tip pingmovement of theroll, andif the tipping moyement were'reduced to zero forthe purpose of producing a flat i'orepart thelmes A The number ofpassages of the pressure lengthwise of the shoe-bottom, and also the. i

iau

10, which represent a sole laying machine'of tion, than when it isshorter, as itis on the the kind shown in Letters Patent N VQQJQES,above referred to. In this operation it 18 defsirable to concentrate theaction of the sole pad upon the shank of theshoeand substan tially torelieve the pressure upon the heel part and the forepart. This resultmay be obtaind by so shaping the pad that it does not bear on the endportions ot'the shoe bottom or by shortening the pad. As illustrated,

a ri id sunoort 74 is rovided beneath the a ii i L pad, the eiliect orwlnchis to concentratethe pressure upon the shank portion or the shoe.

, The pad, however, may still .tip as a whole on a transverse pivot '7Slocated close to the sur face of the shank so that the shank pressurewill be suitably distributed. The transverse curvature of theshan-k'po-rtion of thepad is is applied by the pad. 'lVith the shoe inthis position the shank pad tips correspondingly on its pivot 76 and thepressure is given a forward as well as a vertical component and isapplied'ina direction heightwis-e and forwardly with respect to theshoe, so that the portions of the shank margin adjacent to the ball areadequately pressed against the upper. The novel features embodied in theillustrated machine are not claimed hereinbut are claimed inniy copendinapplication Serial No. 2%,852, filed January 14, 1928, as a continuationin part ofthe'presentapplication; l

For the purpose of applying to the shank portion continuous pressuresimultaneously with the treatment of the forepart of rolling pressure,apparatus illustrated in Fig 6inay lee-employed. This comprises ashankpad or saddles '78 whichis operated by a lever 80 to apply, throughsuitable springs 82 attached totheopposite ends of the saddle, pressureto theshank portion of the sole suflicient to i hold the shoe jackedupon the heel pin 84 andv toe rest 86 of the machine and to 'hold'theshank portion of the sole pressed firmlyupon' the last while the toepart is being treated by rolling pressure as described. Thesaddle 7 8and its operating-mechanism may be, foreX- ample, similar to thatdisclosed, in- United and itsforward edge may be-contouredto assist informing a distinct ball line when such an effect is desired. The shoemay be acked by the application of the saddle 78 as quickly as byotherjacking means, andthe application of shaping pressure to the shankportion of the shoe during the levelingoftheforepart materially lessensthe time requlredin the shank-leveling operation tov producethe desiredclose shank.

: If the bottom of the forepart of the shoe is to be substantiallyrflahacylindrical roll such as that illustrated in Fig. 11 maybe used,

when the usual tipping movement ofthe yoke 67 will be eliminated orgreatly reduced so that the pressure of. the roll will be substantiallyor. nearly uniform at 4 all .points transversely of the shoe: vIn casethe shoe materials: require more. pressure along the marginsof the .soleinorder toproduce ai -flat forepart, a slight amountoftippingmovenentniay be imparted tothecylindrical levcling roll inorder to increase its "pre sure alongthemarginsofthesole. If, it isdesired to impart a uniforinlconvexity to the forepart, aroll suchasvthat indicatedin Fig. 7

' may be employed, without tipping movement,

the. concavity of the roll preferably corresponding to the convexitydesired in the sole.

However, a roller" less concavity thanthe convexity required for thesoleniaybe employed provided the rollis givenmore or less tippingmovement. Itis to beunderstood, of course, that the machine is providedwith the usual adjustmentsifor controlling the tipping movement of. theroll laterally of the shoe as Well as for varying. the relativemovements of the shoe and roll lengthwise of theshoe. v T o In levelingthe shanks of shoes having flat foreparts it is important that the flatcondition of the forepartshall be contributed to or at least notdetracted. from during this operation. To this end, and also tor-layingthe sole of such a shoe, the apparatus shown in Fig. 12 mayadvantageously be employed. Here a part of the mechanism of a solelaying machine of thetype referred to is illustrated, having between theleather outer cover 90 of arubber pad 92 and the pad itself a plate 94which is flat but extends throughout the forepart of the shoe. Thus,while the shank portions of the shoe are being subjected to the actionof the pad, either-in the laying or leveling operation, to producethetransversely curved close shank effect previously referred to, theforepart of the shoe is receiving pres.-

sure from the flat plate 94which, ifth'e shoe has already had itsforepart leveled, will tend to preserve its'previous fiat condition, and

States. LettersPatent No. l,263,36l, granted 1 April 23,l9l8,onapplication of W. O. Baxter. The pad 7 8preferably extends fromthe ani-me as the breast-nae of theJ Ilieel-se'at' V diti'on of theforepart and render the fore.

if the shoe has not been leveled byfthe roll at.

the forepart, will tend to produce a flat conpart leveling operationeasy. The subjectmatter relating to the plate 94: is not claimed hereinbut isbeing claimed in a divisional ap plication Serial No. 439,551,filedMarch 27, V

" The foreparts of some, lasts aretwisted; that is, the surface of theforepart, instead of being flat, is twisted-V somewhat aboutan axisextending lengthwise of the shoe. To meet this condition theconstruction shown in Fi g. 14 maybe substituted for the plate 94. Herethe plate is madeup of severalsections or lags 96, 96, extendingcrosswise of the forepart, of small extent lengthwise of the shoe, andconnected by a flexible piece 98.

WVith this construction, while each section or lag of the plate mayremain transversely flat and straight, the plate, considered as a whole,may be twisted to conform to the twist of the forepart of the last. 1

Having thus described my invention, what I claim'as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent ofthe United States is: r

1. That improvement in methods of leveling the bottoms of shoes whichconsists in leveling the forepa-rt of the sole by'the use of a roll theperiphery of which conforms 3. That improvement in methods of level ingthe bottoms of shoes which consists in leveling the forepart of the soloby the'use of a. roll too large in diameter for effective use in theshank while causing the roll to operate a greater number of times at oneend of the forepart than at the other end, and thereafter leveling theshank portion of the sole by applying simultaneous pressure to allportions of the shank.

4;, That improvement in methods of shaping the outsoles of shoes whichconsists in leveling the forepa-rt'onlyfof the shoe, and

after completing-the leveling of the forepart leveling the shank partonly of the shoe.

5. That improvement in methods of shap ing the outsol-es of shoes whichconsists in leveling the forepart'of the shoe by pressure appliedprogressively to different portions thereof in succession, and levelingthe shank portion by pressure applied to all portions thereofsimultaneously. I

6. That improvement in methods of level- ,.ing shoe bottoms whichconsists in applying pressure to the forepart of the sole, to theexclusionof the shank, by the use of a roll of greaterdiaineterthan thelength of'the forepart to cause the pressure to be applied I in a broadband extending transversely of the shoe bottom, and by relativemovemen't'of the roll and shoe causing said band to, progresslongitudinally of the shoe bottom between toe and ball line. s

7. That improvement in. methods of leveling shoe bottoms which consistsin applying pressure to the forepart of the sole bythe use ofa rollhaving a diameter approximating the length of the forepart of the shoeto cause the pressure to be applied in a broad band extendingtransversely of the shoe, and by relative n'ioven'ient'of the roll andshoe causing the fro-ntfedge of the band always forward of the ballline.

' .SJThat improvement in methods of'shaping the outsoles of shoes whichconsists in leveling the forepart of the shoe exclusively by pressureapplied in 'a transverse band which progresses lengthwise of the shoeand leveling the; shank portionby pressure applied to all portionsthereof simultaneously.

9'. That improvement in methods of level ing'shoe bottoms which consistsin applying pressure to the fore-part of the sole in'a broad bandextending transversely of the shoe, causingsaid pressure band to passand repass lengthwise of the forepart while maintaining the forward edgeof the band always forward of the ball line, and simultaneouslymaintaining continuous pressure on the shank por tion. 10. Thatimprovement in methods of shaping the outsoles of shoes which consistsin leveling the forepart of the sole by a progressive lei 'elilngoperation with pressure uniformly applied transversely ofthe sole andafter completing the leveling of the forepart leveling the shank part ofthe shoe by pressure accentuated on both margins thereof simultaneously.7 a

11. That improvement in methods of leveling shoe bottoms which consistsin applying pressure to the forepart of the shoe bottom in abroad bandextending transversely of the shoe bottom, causing said band to progressrepeatedly to and fro longitudinally of the shoebettom between the toeand ball line, and leveling the shank portion by powerful directpressure applied to the entire shank portion simultaneously andconcentrated uponits opposite margins. V

12". That improvement in methods of level- P I "line, and leveling theshank portion by pres- "sure applied to the entire shank portionsimultaneously and concentrated at the margins of the shank.

13. That improvement in methods of v leveling shoe bottoms whichconsists in applyingpressure tothe forepart in abroad band extendingtransversely of the shoe bottom,

causing said band to progress longitudinally of the shoe bottom from-toeto ball line, and

.then leveling the shank portion bydirect pressure applied to the entireshank portion simultaneously and overlapping the ballhne to obliterateany line of demarcation ber tween the shank and ball. g V

14. That mprovement iii-methods ofleveling shoe bottoms which consistsin applying pressure in a broad band extending trans-' versely of theshoe, causing the pressure band v 'the sole by pressure applied to saidother part as a whole. p

18. That improvement in methods of leveling shoe bottoms which consistsin applying pressure to the'forepart of the sole in a brr'zad bandextending transversely of the shoe, causing said pressure band to passand repass lengthwise of the forepart while maintaining one edge of theband always forward of the ball line, simultaneously maintainingunvarying pressure on the shank portion, and then subjecting the entireshank portion to pressure of greater intensity.

17. That improvement in methods of making shoes which consists inpreparing a shoe having an upper lasted inwardly upon an insole, layingan outsole, attaching the outsole, upper and insole together bythroughand-through stitches, leveling the forepart by subjectingsuccessive portions thereof lengthwise of the shoe to rolling pressure,and thereafter leveling the shank part by pressure applied to bothmargins of the shank simultaneously and more strongly to the margins ofthe shank than to its central portion.

18. That improvement in methods of leveling shoe bottoms which consistsin applying pressure simultaneously to all portions of the shank in anupward and forward direction with respect to the shoe to produce a closeshank in the curved portion of the shank adjacent to the ball.

19. That improvement in methods of leveling shoe bottoms which consistsin applying pressure to the forepart of the sole 1n a broad bandextending transversely of the shoe bottom. causing said band to progresslongitudinally of the shoe bottom between the toe and the ball line, andleveling the shank portion by pressure applied to the entire shankportion simultaneously, sald pressure being r'applied in i ifirdandheight- Wise with spect'to the shoe to force the sole against theupper in the curved portion of the shank adjacent to the ball.

20. That improvement in methods of leveling the bottoms ofshoes whichconsists in operating upon the 'forepart only of the sole with rollingpressure repeated a greater number of times at one end of the forepartthan.

at the other end;

21. That improvement in methods of leveling shoe bottoms which consistsin. applying pressure to the forepart of the sole in a band extendingtransversely of the shoe bottom, causing said band toprogresslongltudinally of the-shoe to and fro between the toe and theball line, and causing successive traverses of the pressure band uponone'end portion of the forepart. to the BXClllSlOIl of the other endportion. 7 V 1 22. That improvement in methods of leveling shoe bottomswhich conslsts in applying pressure to the forepa-rt of the sole in abroad band extending transversely of the shoe bot- 7 tom, causing said'bandto progress repeatedly longitudinally of the shoe from the toetothe ball lineand-back, and caus ng successive rep ated traverses of thepressureband upon one end portion of the forepart to the exclusion ofthe other end portion.

23. That-improvement in methods of levels ing shoe bottoms whichconsists in applying pressure to the forepart of the sole in a bandextending transversely of the shoe bottom, causing said band to progresslongitudinally of the shoe from the toe to the ball line and back, andcausing successive traverses of the pressure band upon the ball portionof the forepart to the exclusion of the toe portion.

24. That improvement in methods of leveling the bottoms of shoes whichconsists in applying holding pressure to the shank portion of the soleof the shoe, and while the shank is thus held, leveling the forepartonly of v plying a saddle over the shank portion of the sole to assistin holding the shoe and in shaping the shank, and while theysaddle isthus applied, subjecting the forepart only of the sole torolling'pressure. V V

26. That improvement'in methods of leveling the bottoms of shoes whichconsists in applying a saddle over the shank portion of the sole,applying rolling pressure to the forepart only of the sole while thesaddle is thus applied, and thereafter removing the saddle and applyingleveling pressure to the shank portion of the sole. 7

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

ERASTUS E. lVINKLEY.

